Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
gene NYC1, cloned using the RACE-PCR method, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, semiquantitative and quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis, transient overexpression of LpNYC1 in wild-type Nicotiana benthamiana under control of CaMV 35S promoter and in Arabidopsis thaliana nyc1 null mutant strain AGL1, both via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection, recombinant expression of GFP-tagged enzyme NYC1 in Lolium perenne protoplasts | Lolium perenne |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
chloroplast | - |
Lolium perenne | 9507 | - |
thylakoid membrane | - |
Lolium perenne | 42651 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
chlorophyllide b + NAD(P)H + H+ | Lolium perenne | - |
71-hydroxychlorophyllide a + NAD(P)+ | - |
r |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Lolium perenne | A0A1Q1NIA8 | cv. Pinnacle | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | expression in leaf sheaths is detectable but is significantly lower than those in expanding and mature leaves. During the progression of natural leaf senescence at 24, 30, and 36 d after leaf emergence, the expression levels of LpNYC1 increase and are approximately 23.1, 38.8, and 148.7times higher than those at the expanding stage (12 d after leaf emergence), respectively | Lolium perenne | - |
additional information | the expression pattern is correlated with the progression of leaf senescence | Lolium perenne | - |
root | low expression level | Lolium perenne | - |
stem | low expression level | Lolium perenne | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
chlorophyllide b + NAD(P)H + H+ | - |
Lolium perenne | 71-hydroxychlorophyllide a + NAD(P)+ | - |
r |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
chlorophyll b reductase | - |
Lolium perenne |
LpNYC1 | - |
Lolium perenne |
NON-YELLOW COLORING 1 | - |
Lolium perenne |
NYC1 | - |
Lolium perenne |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | the enzyme sequence harbors the TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif | Lolium perenne | |
NAD(P)+ | - |
Lolium perenne | |
NAD(P)H | - |
Lolium perenne |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Lolium perenne | expression of LpNYC1 is suppressed by treatment with AVG (ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) | down |
Lolium perenne | expression of LpNYC1 is highly inducible by abscisic acid (ABA) and ethephon (ethylene releasing reagent). Transcription factors LpABI5, LpABF3, and LpEIN3 directly activate the expression of LpNYC1 by binding to its promoter | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
evolution | LpNYC1 shares the highest amino acid sequence similarity with BdNYC1 (91.5%) in Brachypodium distachyon, and the lowest with Arabidopsis NYC1 (63.6%). Despite the sequence divergence, the NYC1 orthologues all share the classical chloroplast-localized short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) domain with the TGXXGXXG cofactor binding motif and the YXXXK active site for catabolizing Chl b into 7-hydroxymethyl-chl a | Lolium perenne |
malfunction | knocking out the Chl b reductase gene might lead to a stay-green phenotype. Overexpression of LpNYC1 activates leaf senescence in Nicotiana benthamiana and rescues the stay-green trait in the Arabidopsis thaliana nyc1 null mutant | Lolium perenne |
physiological function | chlorophyll (Chl) degradation leads to leaf senescence and adversely affects biomass production of forage grasses and aesthetic appearance of turfgrasses. Transcriptional regulation of chlorophyll b reductase gene non-yellow coloring 1 associated with leaf senescence in perennial ryegrass. Predicted functional roles of LpNYC1 in Chl catabolism in green tissues and in leaf senescence. LpNYC1 catalyzes Chl degradation. Upstream transcription factors from Lolium perenne, LpABI5, LpABF3, and LpEIN3, directly regulating the expression of LpNYC1 in perennial ryegrass during leaf senescence | Lolium perenne |