Literature summary for 1.1.1.102 extracted from

Chao, D.Y.; Gable, K.; Chen, M.; Baxter, I.; Dietrich, C.R.; Cahoon, E.B.; Guerinot, M.L.; Lahner, B.; Lue, S.; Markham, J.E.; Morrissey, J.; Han, G.; Gupta, S.D.; Harmon, J.M.; Jaworski, J.G.; Dunn, T.M.; Salt, D.E.
Sphingolipids in the root play an important role in regulating the leaf ionome in Arabidopsis thaliana (2011), Plant Cell, 23, 1061-1081.

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
genes At3g06060/TSC10A and At5g19200/TSC10B, i.e. tsc10A and tsc10B, expression of GFP-TSC10A and GFP-TSC10B in tsc10DELTA yeast mutant cells, heterologous expression of the two genes from Arabidopsis thaliana in 3-KDS reductase-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain, tsc10DELTA, restores the enzyme activity	Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	identification of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf ionomic mutant 7113, termed tsc10a-1. Double mutant progeny plants lacking both genes are not recovered from crosses of single tsc10A and tsc10B mutants. Plant 3-KDS reductase activity is reduced to 10% of wild-type levels in the loss-of-function tsc10a mutant, leading to an altered sphingolipid profile	Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	5789	-
additional information	the plant isozymes contain an N-terminal membrane-spanning domain, subcellular localization study, overview	Arabidopsis thaliana	-	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
3-oxosphinganine + NADPH + H+	Arabidopsis thaliana	-	D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine + L-threo-dihydrosphingosine + NADP+	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana	-	genes At3g06060/TSC10A and At5g19200/TSC10B, i.e. tsc10A and tsc10B	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
leaf	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	-
additional information	the 3-KDS reductase genes are functionally redundant and ubiquitously expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana	Arabidopsis thaliana	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
3-oxosphinganine + NADPH + H+	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine + L-threo-dihydrosphingosine + NADP+	-	?
additional information	TSC10A lacks stereospecificity	Arabidopsis thaliana	?	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
3-KDS reductase	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
TSC10A	-	Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
NADPH	-	Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
malfunction	perturbation of sphingolipid biosynthesis in the Arabidopsis tsc10a mutant leads to an altered leaf ionome, including increases in Na, K, and Rb and decreases in Mg, Ca, Fe, and Mo, associated with increases in root suberin and alterations in Fe homeostasis. Loss of function of both TSC10A and TSC10B Is lethal in Arabidopsis thaliana	Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function	3-KDS reductase is essential for sphingolipid biosynthesis. Reduced 3-KDS reductase activity in Arabidopsis thaliana roots drives changes in the leaf Ionome	Arabidopsis thaliana

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)